Bioinformatics Distance Based Methods Online Exam Quiz
Bioinformatics Distance Based Methods GK Quiz. Question and Answers related to Bioinformatics Distance Based Methods. MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions with answers about Bioinformatics Distance Based Methods
Corrects for unequal evolutionary rates between sequences by using a conversion step. This conversion requires the calculations of “r-values” and “transformed r-values” using the following formula ______
Options
A : dAB’ = dAB ? 1/4 × (rA + rB)
B : dAB’ = dAB ? 1/2 × (rA + rB)
C : dAB’ = dAB ? 1/3 × (rA + rB)
D : dAB’ = (dAB/3) ? 1/2 × (rA + rB)
Which of the following is untrue about the Fitch–Margoliash?
Options
A : Method selects a best tree among all possible trees based on minimal deviation between the distances calculated in the overall branches in the tree and the distances in the original dataset
B : It starts by randomly clustering two taxa in a node
C : It starts by creating three equations to describe the distances
D : The method searches for some specific tree topologies
A generalized expression of the r-value is ri calculated based on the following formula _______
Options
A : ri = ?dij + dj2
B : ri = ?dij
C : ri = ?dij + di
D : ri = ?dij + dj
Which of the following is untrue about the Optimality-Based Methods?
Options
A : The clustering-based methods produce multiple trees as output
B : Optimality-based methods select a tree that best fits the actual evolutionary distance matrix
C : There is no criterion in judging how this tree is compared to other alternative trees
D : Optimality-based methods have a well-defined algorithm to compare all possible tree topologies
Which of the following is untrue about distance based methods?
Options
A : The computed evolutionary distances can be used to construct a matrix of distances between all individual pairs of taxa
B : Clustering is the only method among the algorithms for the distance-based tree-building method
C : The clustering-type algorithms compute a tree based on a distance matrix starting from the most similar sequence pairs
D : Based on the pairwise distance scores in the matrix, a phylogenetic tree can be constructed for all the taxa involved
Which of the following is untrue about the Unweighted Pair Group Method Using Arithmetic Average?
Options
A : The simplest clustering method is UPGMA, which builds a tree by a sequential clustering method
B : Given a distance matrix, it starts by grouping two taxa with the largest pairwise distance in the distance matrix
C : The distances between this new composite taxon and all remaining taxa are calculated to create a reduced matrix
D : The grouping process is repeated and another newly reduced matrix is created
In the Neighbor Joining step, The UPGMA method uses unweighted distances and assumes that all taxa have constant evolutionary rates.
Options
A : True
B : False
C :
D :
Minimum evolution (ME) constructs a tree with a similar procedure, but uses a different optimality criterion that finds a tree among all possible trees with a minimum overall branch length. The optimality criterion relies on the formula S = ?bi where bi is the (i)th branch length.
Options
A : True
B : False
C :
D :
The basic assumption of the UPGMA method is that all taxa evolve at a constant rate and that they are equally distant from the root, implying that a molecular clock is in effect.
Options
A : True
B : False
C :
D :
The tree construction process is somewhat similar to that used UPGMA.
Options
A : True
B : False
C :
D :
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